European Arbitration Institutions for Bangladesh Contracts 2026: LCIA, SCC, Swiss Rules, VIAC, DIS and NAI

European arbitration institutions Bangladesh contracts name: the 2026 position

European arbitration institutions Bangladesh contracts name most often are the London Court of International Arbitration, the SCC Arbitration Institute in Stockholm, the Swiss Arbitration Centre, the Vienna International Arbitral Centre, the German Arbitration Institute (DIS) and the Netherlands Arbitration Institute (NAI). They appear in power purchase agreements, ship sale contracts, machinery supply deals, cotton and commodity trades, export credit financing and joint ventures with European partners. Each brings its own rules, fee model, timetable and approach to urgent relief, and each produces an award that must eventually be enforced, very often in Dhaka.

This guide is written for Bangladeshi companies and state-owned entities, and for foreign parties contracting with them, who need to choose between these six institutions or who already have a clause naming one. It sets out the current rules of each institution, verified against the official texts in October 2026, the fees and time limits that drive cost, the emergency and interim relief each offers, and the Bangladeshi law points that decide whether an award can actually be collected. ICC and SIAC arbitration, and the detail of enforcement case law, are covered in separate TRW guides linked below.

Summary: The LCIA (2020 Rules), SCC (2023 Rules), Swiss Rules (2021), Vienna Rules (2021, version of 1 January 2025), DIS (2018 Rules with a new cost schedule from 1 March 2026) and NAI (2024 Rules) are all modern, credible institutions, and awards from all six seats are enforceable in Bangladesh under section 45 of the Arbitration Act 2001. The real differences lie in cost models, emergency relief, document formalities and how far each institution's tools work around Bangladesh's refusal to grant court interim relief in aid of foreign-seated arbitrations.

Key point: Choose the institution with the enforcement end in mind. Since 12 July 2026, the High Court Division has confirmed that it will not grant section 7A interim relief where the seat is abroad, so emergency arbitrator provisions matter more than ever. And because Germany, Austria and the Netherlands objected to Bangladesh joining the Apostille Convention, DIS, VIAC and NAI awards still need consular legalisation before they are filed in Dhaka.

At a glance

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Table of Contents

Why European arbitration institutions Bangladesh parties choose still matter in 2026

Bangladeshi counterparties are most familiar with ICC and SIAC arbitration, and TRW's guides to ICC arbitration for Bangladesh contracts and SIAC arbitration for Bangladeshi parties cover those institutions in depth. European institutions fill a different space. A German equipment supplier will often insist on DIS, a Swedish or Finnish investor on the SCC, a Dutch shipping or agribusiness counterparty on the NAI, and an English-law financing or charterparty on the LCIA. Swiss and Viennese arbitration are favoured where a neutral seat is wanted between parties from very different legal systems.

For a Bangladeshi party the question is rarely whether a European institution is respectable; all six are. The question is whether its rules, costs and tools fit the dispute that is most likely to arise, and whether the resulting award will be easy to enforce in Bangladesh or, where the Bangladeshi party is the claimant, against assets abroad.

Seat, rules and institution are three different choices

An arbitration clause makes three separate decisions. The institution administers the case. The rules govern procedure. The seat fixes the national arbitration law and the courts that supervise the arbitration and hear any challenge to the award. The six European arbitration institutions Bangladesh contracts use generally assume a seat in their home country, but several allow a seat elsewhere: the LCIA defaults to London only where the parties have not chosen a seat, and the Swiss Rules model clause expressly contemplates a city outside Switzerland.[1] [7] The seat matters more than the institution for setting-aside risk, so name it expressly.

How Bangladeshi law treats a European seat

The Arbitration Act 2001 applies where the place of arbitration is in Bangladesh, and only sections 45, 46 and 47 apply to arbitrations seated abroad.[11] In practice that means a Bangladeshi court will enforce a London, Stockholm or Vienna award but will not supervise the arbitration itself. On 12 July 2026, in Legend World Tank v Multinational Shipping, the High Court Division held itself bound by the Larger Bench decision in Accom Travels v Oman Air, dismissed a section 7A application in aid of a Singapore-seated arbitration as not maintainable and vacated its earlier interim order.[14] The same reasoning applies to every European seat discussed below.

LCIA arbitration and the London seat

Among the European arbitration institutions Bangladesh contracts name, the LCIA is the institution of choice for English-law contracts, particularly in finance, shipping, energy and commodities. Its current rules are the LCIA Arbitration Rules 2020, effective 1 October 2020.[1]

What the LCIA Rules 2020 provide

The Respondent must file a Response within 28 days of the Commencement Date, unless the LCIA Court sets a different period.[1] Article 9A allows a party to apply for expedited formation of the tribunal in cases of exceptional urgency, and Article 9B provides for an emergency arbitrator, who must decide the claim for emergency relief as soon as possible and no later than 14 days after appointment.[1] Article 22.1(viii) gives the tribunal an express power of early determination, and Article 22A allows consolidation and concurrent conduct of related arbitrations.

Two further provisions deserve attention from Bangladeshi parties. Article 15.10 requires the tribunal to endeavour to make its final award no later than three months after the last submission. Article 16.4 provides that, unless the parties agree otherwise in writing, the law applicable to the arbitration agreement is the law of the seat.[1] Where the main contract is governed by Bangladeshi law but the seat is London, the arbitration clause will therefore normally be governed by English law.

LCIA costs

The LCIA is unusual among European arbitration institutions in charging on a time basis. Under the Schedule of Costs effective 1 December 2023, the registration fee is £1,950, the Registrar and Deputy Registrar charge £300 an hour, arbitrators' hourly rates generally fall between £250 and £650, and the LCIA adds an administrative charge of 5 per cent of the tribunal's fees. An emergency arbitrator application carries an application fee of £10,000 and an emergency arbitrator's fee of £25,000.[2] Hourly billing rewards efficient case management and can be cheaper than an ad valorem scale in high-value disputes, but it makes early budgeting harder in a document-heavy construction or power claim.

2025 and 2026: the Arbitration Act 2025 and the LCIA rules review

The London seat changed on 1 August 2025, when the Arbitration Act 2025 came into force. Where the parties have not expressly chosen the law governing their arbitration agreement, the law of the seat now applies; the Act also codifies summary disposal, strengthens the emergency arbitrator's position through peremptory orders and permission to apply to court, codifies the arbitrator's duty of disclosure and reforms jurisdictional challenges under section 67 of the 1996 Act.[4] It does not apply to arbitral proceedings commenced before that date.

The LCIA is now revising its own rules. It opened a public consultation on 11 March 2026, closing on 11 May 2026, covering thirteen themes including alignment with the 2025 Act, third-party funding disclosure, early determination, technology, coordination of related disputes and provisions for States and state-owned enterprises; it may also consider optional ad valorem fee schedules.[3] The ICC's revised Rules took effect on 1 June 2026, and our ICC arbitration guide explains those changes.[3] Until new LCIA Rules are published, clauses should refer to the LCIA Rules in force at commencement.

SCC arbitration in Stockholm

The SCC Arbitration Institute, part of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce, has a long record in East-West commercial disputes and investment treaty cases. Its current rules are the SCC Arbitration Rules 2023, in force from 1 January 2023, together with separate Rules for Expedited Arbitrations.[5]

What the SCC Rules 2023 provide

Article 43 requires the final award to be made no later than six months from the date the case was referred to the tribunal, although the SCC Board may extend that period on a reasoned request.[5] Article 39 allows a party to ask the tribunal to decide issues of jurisdiction, admissibility or merits by summary procedure, for example where an allegation is manifestly unsustainable. Article 32 allows hearings to be held in person or remotely by videoconference, and Article 37 gives the tribunal a broad power to grant interim measures.[5]

SCC fees and the Expedited Rules

The registration fee under Appendix IV is EUR 3,000, credited to the claimant's advance on costs. Arbitrators' fees and the SCC's administrative fee are fixed by the Board by reference to the amount in dispute, with co-arbitrators each receiving 60 per cent of the chair's fee.[5] For smaller claims the Rules for Expedited Arbitrations provide a sole arbitrator, a registration fee of EUR 2,500 and a final award within three months of referral.[6] For a Bangladeshi exporter with a straightforward unpaid invoice claim against a Nordic buyer, the expedited track is often the most cost-effective option among the European arbitration institutions Bangladesh exporters are likely to meet.

The SCC emergency arbitrator

Appendix II of the SCC Rules provides one of the fastest emergency procedures in Europe. The Board seeks to appoint an emergency arbitrator within 24 hours of receiving the application, and the emergency decision must be made no later than five days from referral. The costs are an emergency arbitrator's fee of EUR 16,000 and an application fee of EUR 4,000, which the Board may adjust. The emergency decision ceases to bind if arbitration is not commenced within 30 days of the decision.[5]

Swiss Rules arbitration

The Swiss Rules of International Arbitration are administered by the Swiss Arbitration Centre, which in 2021 succeeded the Swiss Chambers' Arbitration Institution; arbitration agreements referring to the old institution or to the Swiss chambers of commerce remain valid.[7] The current version has been in force since 1 June 2021 and applies to arbitrations where the Notice of Arbitration was submitted on or after that date.[7]

What the Swiss Rules 2021 provide

The Respondent must submit an Answer to the Notice of Arbitration within 30 days of receipt.[7] Every party designation of an arbitrator is subject to confirmation by the Arbitration Court, which also decides challenges and can consolidate related cases. Article 44 imposes a confidentiality undertaking on the parties and arbitrators covering awards, orders and materials submitted in the arbitration.[7] Switzerland's reputation for neutrality, and a seat whose supervisory courts rarely interfere, make Swiss Rules arbitration a frequent compromise where neither party will accept the other's home institution.

Swiss fees, expedited procedure and emergency relief

The non-refundable registration fee under Appendix B is CHF 4,500 for claims up to CHF 2 million, CHF 6,000 between CHF 2 million and CHF 10 million, and CHF 8,000 above that, with CHF 6,000 payable where the claim is unquantified.[7] Under Article 42 the expedited procedure applies automatically where the amount in dispute does not exceed CHF 1 million, and the final award must then be made within six months of the tribunal receiving the file.[7]

Article 43 provides for a sole emergency arbitrator before the tribunal is constituted. The applicant pays a registration fee of CHF 5,000 and a deposit of CHF 20,000. The emergency arbitrator must notify the decision within 15 days of receiving the file, and if the application is made before the Notice of Arbitration, the emergency proceedings end unless the Notice is filed within 10 days.[7]

VIAC arbitration in Vienna

The Vienna International Arbitral Centre, attached to the Austrian Federal Economic Chamber, is the leading institution for Central and Eastern Europe and is increasingly used in contracts with Middle Eastern and Asian counterparties. Its current rules are the Vienna Rules 2021, in the version of 1 January 2025, which apply to proceedings commenced after 31 December 2024.[8]

What the Vienna Rules provide

The Secretary General asks the respondent to answer the statement of claim within 30 days of receipt.[8] Article 13a requires a party to disclose any third-party funding and the funder's identity, and Article 30 allows oral hearings to be held in person or by other means.[8] Expedited proceedings under Article 45 apply only where the parties have expressly opted in, no later than the answer to the statement of claim; a sole arbitrator decides unless the parties agreed otherwise, and the final award is due within six months of transmission of the file.[8]

VIAC fees

The VIAC registration fee under Annex 3 is modest: EUR 500 for claims up to EUR 25,000, EUR 1,000 up to EUR 75,000 and EUR 1,500 above that. Administrative fees then rise on a sliding scale with the amount in dispute, subject to an overall maximum of EUR 75,000.[8] For mid-sized commercial claims, VIAC is often one of the cheaper institutional options in this group.

No emergency arbitrator: plan accordingly

The Vienna Rules do not provide for an emergency arbitrator. Article 33 gives the tribunal power to order interim or conservatory measures only once the file has been transmitted to it, and expressly preserves the right to apply to a competent national authority.[8] For a claimant whose main exposure is in Bangladesh, that combination is a real gap: no emergency arbitrator in Vienna, and no section 7A relief in Dhaka. Of the European arbitration institutions Bangladesh claimants might consider, VIAC is better suited to disputes where urgent relief is unlikely to be needed, or where assets sit in Austria or another EU state whose courts will act.

DIS arbitration in Germany

The German Arbitration Institute administers arbitrations under the 2018 DIS Arbitration Rules, effective 1 March 2018. The current text also carries a revised Annex 2, the Schedule of Costs, effective 1 March 2026.[9] German industrial suppliers often propose a DIS clause, with a German seat and German law, in supply and installation contracts for Bangladeshi factories and power plants.

What the 2018 DIS Rules provide

Within 21 days of transmission of the Request, the Respondent must notify any arbitrator nomination and any request for more time, and its Answer is due within 45 days, extendable by up to 30 days.[9] The tribunal must hold a case management conference, in principle within 21 days of its constitution, and at that conference discuss efficiency measures and whether expedited proceedings should apply. Article 37 requires the tribunal to send the final award to the DIS for review, in principle within three months of the last hearing or submission, and the Arbitration Council may reduce the fees of a slow tribunal.[9]

DIS fees from 1 March 2026

Under the revised Annex 2, the DIS administrative fee is 2 per cent of the amount in dispute up to EUR 50,000, with a minimum of EUR 750; EUR 1,000 plus 1 per cent of the excess between EUR 50,000 and EUR 1 million; and EUR 10,500 plus 0.5 per cent of the excess between EUR 1 million and EUR 100 million, capped at EUR 50,000. Above EUR 100 million the fee is EUR 60,000. Each additional party increases the fee by 10 per cent, up to EUR 20,000 overall.[9] Check which Annex applies: the schedule in force when the arbitration commences governs.

Interim relief and expedited proceedings

The DIS Rules contain no emergency arbitrator mechanism. Article 25 allows the constituted tribunal to order interim measures, exceptionally without first hearing the other side, and preserves the right to seek interim relief from any competent court at any time.[9] Where the parties agree to expedited proceedings under Annex 4, the final award must be made at the latest six months after the case management conference.[9] A Bangladeshi buyer facing a German supplier should treat the absence of an emergency arbitrator as a negotiating point, particularly where advance payment or performance guarantees are at stake.

NAI arbitration in the Netherlands

The Netherlands Arbitration Institute, based in Rotterdam, administers arbitrations under the NAI Arbitration Rules 2024. The 2024 Rules took effect on 1 March 2024, and the current text is the version in force as of 31 December 2024.[10] Absent agreement, the place of arbitration is Amsterdam.[10]

What the NAI Rules 2024 provide

A case management conference must be held no later than three weeks after the tribunal receives the file, and the tribunal must make its award within eight weeks after the last hearing or the last admissible written statement.[10] Expedited arbitration under Article 42 applies automatically where the arbitration agreement was made on or after 1 March 2024, the claim does not exceed EUR 1 million and the parties have not excluded it; the award is then due within five months after the case management conference.[10]

NAI emergency arbitration and costs

The NAI offers a distinctive emergency arbitration procedure, rooted in Dutch summary proceedings. A specially composed tribunal may grant immediately enforceable interim measures in urgent cases, whether or not proceedings on the merits are pending, and must render its award within two weeks after the last hearing, orally if necessary.[10] Because the decision can take the form of an award, it is better placed than an order to be enforced abroad. NAI administration fees start at EUR 660 for claims up to EUR 25,000 and are capped at EUR 75,000, and arbitrators are paid hourly at rates set by band, from EUR 175 at the lowest band to EUR 550 at the top.[10]

Comparing the European arbitration institutions Bangladesh contracts name

The six institutions are profiled below, followed by a side-by-side table of the provisions that most often decide the choice.

The table summarises the provisions verified for this guide. On a phone, scroll it sideways.

Matching the institution to the dispute

Some patterns are clear. For a high-value English-law financing or shipping contract, the LCIA's hourly model, early determination power and the London seat's 2025 reforms are hard to beat. For a small or mid-sized trade claim, the SCC Expedited Rules, the automatic Swiss expedited procedure and NAI expedited arbitration all offer an award within three to six months. Where urgent asset protection may be needed, choose the SCC, Swiss Rules, LCIA or NAI over VIAC or DIS. Where the counterparty is German, Austrian or Dutch, budget for legalisation of the award before enforcement in Dhaka.

Cost comparisons should be run on the actual amount in dispute. For guidance on budgeting a claim, see our analysis of the cost of arbitration in Bangladesh.

Emergency and interim relief: the Bangladesh gap

Interim relief is where choosing between the European arbitration institutions Bangladesh parties use has the most practical consequences. Section 7A of the Arbitration Act 2001 lets Bangladeshi courts grant interim measures in support of arbitration, but the Larger Bench in Accom Travels confined that power to Bangladesh-seated arbitrations, and in July 2026 the High Court Division again applied that limit while expressing doubts about it.[14] The judge held that only the Appellate Division or a bench of equal or larger strength can revisit Accom.[14]

What this means for each institution

Until the law changes, a party to a European-seated arbitration that needs to freeze goods, stop a guarantee call or preserve evidence in Bangladesh must look first to the institution. The SCC emergency arbitrator decides within five days of referral, the LCIA within 14 days of appointment, the Swiss Rules within 15 days of the file, and the NAI within two weeks of the last hearing.[1] [5] [7] [10] The Vienna and DIS Rules leave a claimant to wait for the tribunal or go to court.[8] [9]

Will Bangladesh enforce an emergency decision?

Section 45 applies to a "foreign arbitral award", defined as an award made under an arbitration agreement in a state other than Bangladesh.[11] The Act contains no provisions on emergency arbitrators, and an interim order is not obviously an award. Treat an emergency decision as leverage over a counterparty that values its standing and as enforceable where assets sit abroad, rather than as a reliable Dhaka enforcement tool. Where the rules allow the decision to be issued as an award, as the NAI and LCIA Rules do, ask for that form.[1] [10]

Enforcing an award from a European arbitration institution in Bangladesh

All six home states are parties to the New York Convention, as is Bangladesh, which acceded on 6 May 1992 without declarations.[12] Our full guide to foreign arbitral award enforcement in Bangladesh explains the procedure, defences, limitation and recent High Court Division decisions. The points below are the ones specific to European arbitration institutions Bangladesh award-holders deal with.

Section 45 in brief

A foreign award is binding for all purposes between the parties and may be relied on by way of defence or set-off in Bangladeshi proceedings. It is enforced by execution under the Code of Civil Procedure as if it were a decree of the District Judge's Court in Dhaka, which is the only competent court whatever the location of the assets.[11] The application must attach the original award or a copy authenticated as required by the law of the country where it was made, the original arbitration agreement or a certified copy, and evidence that the award is foreign. Any award or agreement not in English or Bangla needs a certified English translation.[11]

That translation rule matters for DIS and VIAC arbitrations conducted in German and NAI arbitrations conducted in Dutch. If a Bangladeshi party is involved, agree on English as the language of the arbitration in the clause itself. Recognition may be refused only on the section 46 grounds, which follow Article V of the Convention, including public policy of Bangladesh.[11] Limitation runs from the award, so file promptly; our enforcement guide explains the 2026 case law.

Apostille or legalisation: the German, Austrian and Dutch problem

Bangladesh acceded to the Apostille Convention, but several European states objected to its accession, which means the Convention does not operate between them and Bangladesh. The objecting states include Germany, Austria and the Netherlands, along with Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Lithuania and Argentina.[13] The United Kingdom, Sweden and Switzerland are not on that list.[13]

The practical result is that LCIA, SCC and Swiss-seated awards can in principle be apostilled for use in Bangladesh, while DIS, VIAC and NAI awards, and the powers of attorney that accompany them, still need traditional consular legalisation through the Bangladesh mission. Build the extra weeks into the enforcement timetable, and obtain authenticated copies from the institution at the moment the award issues.

Bangladeshi claimants enforcing in Europe

Where the Bangladeshi party wins, the enforcement map reverses. A Bangladesh-seated award, including one under the rules of the Bangladesh International Arbitration Centre, is a Convention award in all six home states. The United Kingdom and the Netherlands apply the Convention only to awards made in another contracting state, which Bangladesh is.[12] A Bangladeshi party that negotiates a Dhaka seat therefore loses little on enforcement against European assets, but takes on the domestic setting-aside regime explained in our guide to setting aside an arbitral award in Bangladesh.

Drafting the clause and running the case

Most problems with European arbitration institutions Bangladesh parties encounter begin with a vague clause: an institution named without a seat, rules described by an outdated name, or no language specified. A clause should name the institution and its current rules, the seat, the number of arbitrators, the language and, ideally, the law of the arbitration agreement. Our guide to the arbitration clause in Bangladesh contracts covers drafting in detail, and the sequence below is the one we use when a dispute under a European clause arises.

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For state-owned entities, add two steps: confirm any internal or ministry approvals needed to commence or defend the arbitration, and check whether the counterparty can rely on a bilateral investment treaty as well as the contract. Our guide to ICSID and investment arbitration explains that second route.

Mistakes to avoid with European arbitration institutions

• Using an outdated institution name: many clauses still refer to the "Swiss Chambers' Arbitration Institution"; such clauses remain valid, but use the current name and rules to avoid argument.[7]
• Relying on Dhaka for interim relief: under current case law, Bangladeshi courts will not grant section 7A relief in aid of a European seat.[14]
• Choosing VIAC or DIS where urgency is likely: neither set of rules has an emergency arbitrator.[8] [9]
• Forgetting the opt-in: Vienna expedited proceedings need express agreement, while the Swiss and NAI regimes apply automatically below their thresholds.[7] [8] [10]
• Ignoring the law of the arbitration agreement: with a London seat, the Arbitration Act 2025 and LCIA Article 16.4 both point to English law unless the parties choose otherwise.[1] [4]
• Leaving formalities to the end: legalisation of German, Austrian and Dutch documents and certified translations take time that the limitation clock does not allow for.[11] [13]

What to watch in 2026 and beyond

Three developments will shape European arbitration institutions Bangladesh practice over the next year. First, the LCIA is expected to publish revised rules after its 2026 consultation, which may introduce optional ad valorem fees and new provisions for disputes involving states and state-owned enterprises.[3] Second, the DIS cost schedule effective 1 March 2026 will apply to new DIS cases, so cost estimates prepared before that date should be refreshed.[9] Third, whether the Appellate Division revisits Accom Travels will decide whether Bangladeshi courts can again support foreign-seated arbitrations with interim relief.[14]

Whichever institution a contract names, the decisive work is done early: a clause that fits the dispute, an emergency plan that does not depend on Dhaka, and enforcement paperwork prepared before the award is issued. TRW's international arbitration practice advises Bangladeshi and foreign parties on all six institutions, and you can contact TRW to review a clause or an award.

Frequently asked questions

Which European arbitration institutions do Bangladesh contracts use most?

The European arbitration institutions Bangladesh contracts name most often are the LCIA, SCC Arbitration Institute, Swiss Arbitration Centre, VIAC, DIS and NAI, usually reflecting the nationality of the European counterparty or a desire for a neutral seat. ICC and SIAC remain common alternatives and are covered in separate TRW guides.

Which rules of the European arbitration institutions Bangladesh parties use are current in October 2026?

The LCIA Rules 2020, SCC Rules 2023, Swiss Rules 2021, Vienna Rules 2021 in the version of 1 January 2025, the 2018 DIS Rules with Annex 2 effective 1 March 2026, and the NAI Rules 2024 in the version in force as of 31 December 2024.[1] [5] [7] [8] [9] [10]

Can an LCIA or SCC award be enforced in Bangladesh?

Yes. Awards made outside Bangladesh are enforced under section 45 of the Arbitration Act 2001 by the District Judge's Court in Dhaka, as if they were decrees, subject only to the section 46 refusal grounds.[11]

Do the Vienna Rules or DIS Rules have an emergency arbitrator?

No. Under both sets of rules interim measures come from the constituted tribunal or from national courts. The LCIA, SCC, Swiss Rules and NAI Rules each provide pre-tribunal emergency relief.[8] [9]

Can a Bangladeshi court grant an injunction in support of a London or Stockholm arbitration?

Not under current case law. On 12 July 2026 the High Court Division held that the Larger Bench decision in Accom Travels bars section 7A relief where the seat is outside Bangladesh, although the judge doubted that decision.[14]

How much does it cost to start an LCIA arbitration?

The LCIA registration fee is £1,950. The LCIA then charges hourly for its own time and the tribunal's, plus an administrative charge of 5 per cent of the tribunal's fees.[2]

Does an award from Germany, Austria or the Netherlands need legalisation for Bangladesh?

In practice, yes. Those states objected to Bangladesh's accession to the Apostille Convention, so the Convention does not operate between them and Bangladesh and consular legalisation is still needed.[13]

Which institution offers the fastest award for a small claim?

The SCC Expedited Rules require a final award within three months of referral. NAI expedited arbitration requires an award within five months of the case management conference, and the Swiss and Vienna expedited procedures within six months.[6] [7] [8] [10]

What changed for London-seated arbitration in 2025?

The Arbitration Act 2025, in force from 1 August 2025, made the law of the seat the default law of the arbitration agreement, codified summary disposal and arbitrator disclosure, and strengthened emergency arbitrators' powers.[4]

Should a Bangladeshi company accept a European institution at all?

Often, yes, where the counterparty insists and the award is enforceable. The safer course is to negotiate the seat, the language and an institution with emergency relief, and to compare costs on the realistic amount in dispute before signing.