TRW Insight / Bangladesh
On Bangladeshi infrastructure projects, unpaid contractors usually lose money to missed notices, unsafe suspensions and short-cut terminations rather than to weak claims. The certificate, the clock and the forum decide what is recovered.
Construction payment claims in Bangladesh: the 2026 position
Construction payment claims in Bangladesh are rarely lost because the work was not done. They are lost because a notice went out on day 30 instead of day 28, because a contractor walked off site without a contractual right to suspend, because a demand letter never asked for interest, or because the contractor skipped a joint measurement after termination and let the Project Manager's figure become binding. On public works, the money is also hostage to budget releases: in the 2025-26 financial year, Annual Development Programme implementation fell to 67.52 per cent, the weakest rate in five years.[14]
This guide is for contractors, engineering firms and subcontractors owed money on a Bangladeshi infrastructure project. It covers interim payment certificates under the October 2025 BPPA works conditions and FIDIC forms, notices and time bars, suspension and termination, claims against government employers, securing a claim and insolvency risk. The dispute ladder itself is covered in our guide to construction arbitration in Bangladesh.
Summary: A contractor's unpaid money usually falls into five buckets: certified but unpaid sums, sums the certifier has not certified, variations and compensation events, delay and disruption costs, and retention or security that has not been released. Each bucket has its own trigger, notice and remedy. Under the BPPA works conditions a certified amount is payable within 28 days, unpaid certificates become a fundamental breach after 84 days, and any claim for time or extra money must be notified within 28 days or it is lost. Recovery depends on protecting those deadlines first and negotiating second.
Key point: In February 2026 the High Court Division ordered the Roads and Highways Department to pay a contractor Tk 32.87 lakh of admitted bills from 2012-13 works within 60 days, but refused interest for the years of delay because the contractor's representations and demand notice never asked for it. Every demand on a public employer should claim contractual interest expressly.
At a glance
28 days to pay
BPPA works conditions require the procuring entity to pay certified amounts within 28 days of each certificate, after contractual deductions.
28-day claim bar
Claims for time or additional payment not notified within 28 days of awareness are extinguished; full particulars follow within 42 days.
84-day breach
A certified payment unpaid for 84 days is a fundamental breach, but termination still needs a first notice and a 21-day window.
No suspension right
The BPPA conditions give the contractor no express right to suspend for non-payment; FIDIC forms require 21 days' notice.
Debts, not claims
Winding-up and writ relief work best for definite, admitted sums. Certify the amount before choosing the remedy.
Table of Contents
Why unpaid bills become legal problems
A contractor who has not been paid thinks in invoices; the contract thinks in triggers. A sum may be certified but unpaid, submitted but uncertified, instructed but unvalued, or claimed as delay compensation the employer disputes. A demand for a certified sum is close to a debt claim. A demand for delay costs lives or dies by its notice.
The first task in construction payment claims in Bangladesh is to divide the money. Schedule certified amounts, uncertified applications, approved and unapproved variations, compensation events, delay costs, retention, advance amortisation, liquidated damages, tax withheld at source and back-charges, and attach to each line its clause, due date and protecting notice.
The 2026 context on public works
Public employers are under budget pressure: of a revised 2025-26 development programme of Tk 208,935.53 crore, Tk 141,071.89 crore was spent, down from 92.74 per cent implementation in 2021-22 to 67.52 per cent.[14] The procurement statute has also changed: the interim government's 2025 amendments to the Public Procurement Act 2006 were re-enacted by Parliament as the Public Procurement (Amendment) Act 2026, Act No. 41 of 2026, gazetted on 10 April 2026.[2] See our note on the 2026 public procurement amendments.
Which contract you are actually under
Domestic public works are usually let on BPPA standard tender documents, such as the October 2025 e-PW3A document for works, which uses a Project Manager, an adjudicator and arbitration under the Arbitration Act 2001.[1] Foreign-funded and EPC packages usually use FIDIC conditions, with an Engineer and a Dispute Avoidance/Adjudication Board. Always work from the signed conditions and particular conditions, not the current template. How these contracts are structured is covered in our guide to EPC contracts in Bangladesh.
Interim payment certificates and the payment machinery
Most construction payment claims in Bangladesh begin with an interim payment certificate. Under the e-PW3A General Conditions, the contractor submits monthly statements of the estimated value of work executed less amounts previously certified; the Project Manager checks the statement and certifies the amount to be paid, valued on the bill of quantities rates.[1] The procuring entity must then pay the certified amount within 28 days of the date of each certificate, after deductions for advance payment, retention and other contractual additions or deductions, into the nominated account in a scheduled bank.[1]
Certificates can be reopened
A certificate is not a final settlement of value. The Project Manager may exclude an item certified previously, or reduce the proportion certified, in light of later information.[1] An amount may also be withheld, and later forfeited, for unremedied environmental and social breaches.[1] Challenge every unexplained reduction when the certificate issues, not at final account.
Variations need approval before payment
Payment for work under variation orders or extra work orders may be made only after approval by the Approving Authority or the next higher authority.[1] It is the commonest reason instructed work sits unpaid: the approval file never moved. Ask in writing for confirmation that approval has been sought.
Interest on late payment
The e-PW3A conditions provide that a late payment carries interest, paid in the next payment, at the rate stated in the particular conditions, calculated from the date payment was due until it is made. The template's suggested rate is the prevailing rate of interest for commercial borrowing, but the procuring entity may instead state "None".[1] If an adjudicator or arbitrator later increases a certified amount, interest runs from when it should have been certified.[1] A "None" entry leaves only general-law damages.
The FIDIC equivalents
On FIDIC 2017 contracts, the Engineer issues interim payment certificates under Sub-Clause 14.6 and the employer pays within the period in Sub-Clause 14.7. Sub-Clause 14.8 gives financing charges on late payment where interest is permissible, but under the 2017 editions the contractor must request them.[4] The employer must also state its financial arrangements and, on request in defined situations including non-payment under Sub-Clause 14.7, give reasonable evidence of them within 28 days.[4]
Notices and time bars in construction payment claims in Bangladesh
The time bar is the most dangerous clause in the contract. Under e-PW3A clause 94, a contractor who considers itself entitled to an extension of time or any additional payment must give notice describing the event as soon as practicable and no later than 28 days after it became aware, or should have become aware, of it. If it does not, the completion date is not extended, no additional payment is due and the procuring entity is discharged from all liability for the claim. A fully detailed claim must follow within 42 days, unless the Project Manager approves another period.[1]
Early warning reduces what you can recover
A contractor is also not entitled to compensation to the extent the procuring entity's interests were harmed by its failure to give early warning or to cooperate.[1] Issue early warnings at the first site meeting where a problem appears.
FIDIC 2017: 28 and 84 days
Under FIDIC 2017 Sub-Clause 20.2, notice must be given as soon as practicable and no later than 28 days after awareness, and it is a condition precedent to entitlement. If the Engineer considers the notice late, it must say so within 14 days; otherwise the notice is deemed valid. A fully detailed claim is due within 84 days, and if at least a statement of the contractual or legal basis is not given in that period the notice lapses. Where the effect continues, interim claims go in monthly and a final claim within 28 days after the effect ends.[5]
Is non-payment itself a claim?
The certified sum is due under the payment clause, but the interest, extra overheads, idle plant and acceleration that follow from non-payment are additional payment claims. Serve a short claim notice for those consequences within 28 days of the first missed due date, and update it monthly.
Statutory limitation runs alongside
The Limitation Act 1908 applies to arbitrations as it applies to court proceedings, and an arbitration is treated as commenced when the respondent receives the notice requiring reference or appointment.[8] Section 3 of the Limitation Act requires a late suit to be dismissed even if limitation is not pleaded; section 19 gives a fresh period from a written acknowledgement signed before the period expires; section 20 does the same for certain payments on account; and section 23 starts a fresh period at every moment of a continuing breach.[7] Letters from executive engineers confirming outstanding bills can be valuable acknowledgements.
One statutory safety valve is worth knowing. Where an arbitration agreement bars a claim unless a step to commence arbitration is taken within a contractual time, the court may extend that time on terms that the interests of justice require.[8] It does not rescue a missed 28-day claim notice.
Variations, compensation events and unvalued work
Much of the money in construction payment claims in Bangladesh is not certified at all because it has not been valued. The e-PW3A compensation events include late site possession, late drawings or instructions, adverse ground conditions, other contractors or utilities missing agreed dates, delayed advance payment, unreasonable delay in issuing the completion certificate and force majeure.[1] Each one can increase the contract price, extend the completion date, or both.
Give the Project Manager a forecast
Once the contractor has shown the effect of a compensation event on its forecast cost, the Project Manager must assess it and adjust the price. If the contractor's forecast is unreasonable, the Project Manager uses its own, on the assumption that the contractor reacted competently and promptly.[1] Send a priced forecast with each notice, or the employer values the event alone.
Work done without a valid instruction
Where the person who instructed extra work had no authority, the contractual variation route may fail. The Contract Act 1872 still offers a fallback: section 70 obliges a person who enjoys the benefit of something lawfully done for it, not intended gratuitously, to compensate the doer or restore the thing.[6] Section 73 damages cover loss arising naturally from the breach, but not remote or indirect loss.[6] These are fallbacks; confirm oral instructions in writing the same day.
Change in law and price adjustment
If a law changes after the date 28 days before tender submission and affects time or cost, the e-PW3A conditions adjust the completion date or price, and a change in any tax rate, including income tax, VAT and customs duty, adjusts the price, with the head of the procuring entity's approval, so the contractor's net receipt is unaffected.[1] Where the particular conditions allow price adjustment, it applies after 12 months from commencement using Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics indices.[1]
Retention, advance payment and deductions
Track retention separately from certificates. The e-PW3A particular conditions set retention at five per cent of the contract price, which may be raised to up to 20 per cent for front-loaded or unbalanced bids, with at least half of the total, and not less than five per cent of the contract price, held for defects claims.[1] Retention held for the defects period is returned after the defects liability period expires and the Project Manager issues the Defects Corrections Certificate.[1] Diary the expiry and request the certificate in writing.
Advance payment and its guarantee
The template recommends a maximum advance of ten per cent of the original contract price, paid against an irrevocable unconditional bank guarantee and amortised from progress payments, starting when progress payments reach 20 per cent of the contract price and ending at 80 per cent.[1] A call on the full guarantee after most of the advance is amortised is a separate, urgent dispute. Our notes on bank guarantee encashment and on whether a performance guarantee can be stopped explain the court's approach.
Liquidated damages deducted from certificates
The procuring entity may deduct liquidated damages from payments due, at a daily rate the particular conditions set between 0.03 and 0.05 per cent, capped at no more than ten per cent of the final contract price.[1] If the completion date is later extended, the overpayment must be corrected in the next certificate.[1] That happens only if the extension claim was notified on time.
Suspension: leverage with conditions
Stopping work is the unpaid contractor's strongest lever and the one most likely to backfire. The October 2025 e-PW3A conditions give the Project Manager power to order a suspension, with an extension of time and cost for the contractor, but they contain no express right for the contractor to suspend because it has not been paid.[1] Worse, a contractor that stops work for 28 days when no stoppage is shown on the programme, without the Project Manager's authority, commits a fundamental breach entitling the procuring entity to terminate.[1]
On a BPPA contract the safer course is to keep working, serve claim notices for the effects of non-payment, refer the dispute and, if default continues, use the termination route below.
FIDIC Sub-Clause 16.1
FIDIC 2017 is different. Sub-Clause 16.1 allows the contractor to suspend or reduce the rate of work on four grounds only: the Engineer's failure to certify, the employer's failure to provide evidence of financial arrangements, the employer's failure to pay, and failure to comply with an Engineer's determination or a DAAB decision. The contractor must give at least 21 days' written notice that states it is given under Sub-Clause 16.1, and a valid suspension entitles it to claim delay and cost plus reasonable profit under Clause 20.[3] In a 2022 South African dispute on a FIDIC-based contract, the 21 days ran from the first written notice of non-payment, not a later reminder, so get the first notice right.[3]
Termination for non-payment
Under e-PW3A clause 88, either party may terminate for a fundamental breach by giving 14 working days' written notice of termination identifying the clause breached, and one listed fundamental breach is that a payment certified by the Project Manager has not been paid within 84 days of the date of the certificate.[1]
The two-notice procedure
Clause 89 then requires the affected party to send a first notice of default identifying the event and its intention to terminate, giving the defaulting party 21 days to explain why the contract should not be terminated. If a reasonable explanation is received or the breach is remedied, the contract may be affirmed; if not, the affected party may terminate by final notice with an immediate effective date.[1] Skipping the first notice converts a strong payment claim into an arguable wrongful abandonment. Note too that force majeure does not excuse the employer's payment obligations.[1]
What the contractor is paid after termination
Where the contract ends because of the procuring entity's fundamental breach or for its convenience, the Project Manager must certify the value of work done, materials ordered, the reasonable cost of removing equipment, repatriation of foreign personnel employed solely on the works, and the cost of protecting and securing the works, less advance payments received.[1] Before certifying, the procuring entity must jointly measure the work on at least seven days' notice, and if the contractor fails to attend, the Project Manager's measurement binds everyone.[1] Attend with a surveyor and the measurement book.
FIDIC Sub-Clauses 16.2 and 16.4
Under FIDIC 2017, the contractor may give notice of intention to terminate where interim amounts remain unpaid 42 days after the Sub-Clause 14.7 deadline, and terminate by a second notice 14 days later.[4] The exclusion of loss of profit and indirect loss in the 2017 books does not apply to payment on termination under Sub-Clause 16.4, so a contractor terminating for employer default may recover lost profit on the unexecuted works.[4]
Dispute boards, adjudication and arbitration
Under e-PW3A clause 95, the parties must first try amicable settlement; a contractor who considers a Project Manager's decision wrong or outside its authority must refer it to the adjudicator within 14 days; the adjudicator decides within 28 days; and if the parties do not settle within 28 days of that decision either party may give notice of arbitration under the Arbitration Act 2001.[1] On FIDIC 2017 projects, a party may refer the other's failure to comply with a binding DAAB decision directly to arbitration, with power to order summary enforcement.[4]
The case law on adjudication, dispute boards and awards against public employers is analysed in our guides to construction arbitration in Bangladesh and to how courts set aside an arbitral award. For payment, note that an arbitral tribunal may award pre-award interest at a reasonable rate from the date the cause of action arose, and an award carries post-award interest at two per cent above the Bangladesh Bank rate unless it directs otherwise, in each case subject to the parties' agreement.[8] And where there is no arbitration clause, construction and infrastructure disputes go to the new Commercial Courts, explained in our guide to the Commercial Courts Act 2026.
Claims against government entities
Most construction payment claims in Bangladesh are against a public employer such as the Roads and Highways Department, LGED or a development authority. That changes procedure, remedies and timetable.
Notice before suing the Government
Section 80 of the Code of Civil Procedure 1908 provides that a suit against the Government, or a public officer for an act in an official capacity, is to be filed only after two months from delivery of a written notice stating the cause of action, the plaintiff's details and the relief claimed. A suit filed without that notice is not void, but the plaintiff loses costs if the Government settles or concedes within two months of filing, and the court must give the Government at least three months to file its written statement.[9] Serve it early; it costs nothing.
Writ relief for admitted bills
Where the bill is admitted and the only issue is non-payment, the High Court Division's writ jurisdiction under article 102 of the Constitution can be faster than a suit. In Md Akram Hossain v Government of Bangladesh, decided on 10 February 2026, a first-class contractor had completed three road maintenance contracts in the Jamalpur Road Division in 2012-13 and was owed Tk 32.87 lakh. The department's own letters from 2018 to 2023 admitted the bills, yet it argued that the claim was a contractual matter, time-barred and payable only subject to available funds.[10]
The court found the bills admitted, held that the respondents had failed in "a statutory obligation" to pay, and directed payment within 60 days, failing which compensation would run at the prevailing bank loan rate. It refused interest for the earlier years because the contractor's representations and demand notice never claimed it, and counsel conceded that interest had been forgone to secure quick payment.[10] Obtain written admissions, and claim interest in every demand.
Executing a decree against the Government
Under section 82 of the Code, a decree against the Government or a public officer must specify a time for satisfaction; if it is not satisfied, the court reports the case to the Government, and execution cannot issue until the decree has remained unsatisfied for three months from that report.[9] An arbitral award is executed as a decree, so the same delay applies. Pair it with a formal demand to the procuring entity, its line ministry and the Finance Division. Our guide to enforcement of arbitral awards in Bangladesh covers execution in detail.
Procurement complaints are a different route
The Review Panel process under the Public Procurement Act 2006 deals with tender-stage decisions, not unpaid certificates. For that route, see our note on procurement complaints and Review Panel appeals. For PPP projects, whose dispute ladder now sits in the Invest Bangladesh Act 2026, see our guide to PPP projects in Bangladesh.
Securing the claim before it is decided
An award is worth only what can be collected. The first protective tool is section 7A of the Arbitration Act 2001: before or during arbitration, or until enforcement, the court (or the High Court Division in an international commercial arbitration) may order interim custody, sale or other protective measures over property covered by the arbitration agreement, restrain transfers intended to defeat enforcement, grant ad interim injunctions, appoint a receiver or take other reasonable protective measures, without notice where notice would defeat the purpose.[8] The tribunal has a parallel power to order interim measures under section 21.[8]
Attachment before judgment is strictly applied
In a court claim, Order XXXVIII rule 5 of the Code allows attachment before judgment, but the High Court Division applies it narrowly. In Intertek Testing Services v Md Monowar Hossain, decided on 18 March 2025, it set aside an attachment in a Dhaka money suit, restating that attachment is a matter of relief, not procedure, cannot be ordered simply because the plaintiff has a good case, and requires facts showing that the defendant is about to dispose of or remove property to obstruct execution.[11] See our guide to interim remedies in Bangladesh.
Protecting your own guarantees
Unpaid contractors are often hit twice: payment stops, then the performance guarantee is called. Serve the notice of arbitration first, then move for section 7A protection before the bank pays, and diary every "extend or pay" risk.
Insolvency risk on both sides of the contract
For a company debtor, the Companies Act 1994 allows a creditor owed more than Tk 5,000 to serve a demand, and if the company neglects to pay for three weeks it is deemed unable to pay its debts; once a winding-up petition is filed, the court may restrain other proceedings against the company.[13] In liquidation, government revenues, taxes and workers' dues rank first, banks and licensed financial institutions second, and unsecured creditors last.[13]
Only a definite sum is a debt
Winding-up is a debt remedy, not a claims forum. In M&H Telecom v Telex, decided on 23 October 2025, the High Court Division wound up a company that had admitted invoices of about Tk 5.70 crore, reaffirming that a "debt" for this purpose must be a definite amount payable now or in future, not an uncertain sum.[12] A certified, unpaid interim payment certificate fits that test; a disputed delay claim does not. Get the amount certified, admitted or awarded before using insolvency as leverage, and see our guide to winding up a company in Bangladesh.
Contract and arbitration consequences
Under e-PW3A clause 90.1, either party may terminate on 21 days' notice if the other becomes bankrupt or insolvent, without compensation but without prejudice to accrued rights, and the Project Manager then certifies the value of work done and materials delivered.[1] An arbitration clause binds a bankrupt's receiver who adopts the contract.[8] Subcontractors facing a failing main contractor should act before a petition stays recovery. Our guide to bankruptcy law in Bangladesh covers individual and firm debtors.
Subcontractors and suppliers
Bangladesh has no security-of-payment statute of the kind used in the United Kingdom or Singapore, so a subcontractor's rights are those in its subcontract and the Contract Act 1872, and its claim is normally against the main contractor alone.
Read any "pay when paid" clause closely: whether it shifts the employer's insolvency risk depends on its wording. Public works subcontracts need the procuring entity's approval, and unapproved subcontracting is a fundamental breach of the main contract.[1] Keep your own measurements and daily records, so your claim does not fall with the main contractor's.
Recovering construction payment claims in Bangladesh: step by step
When cash flow has become critical, the following sequence reflects how we organise construction payment claims in Bangladesh for contractors and subcontractors.
Divide the money
Separate certified sums, uncertified applications, variations, delay costs, retention and deductions, each tied to its clause.
Serve live notices
Send claim notices still within 28 days and a default notice for each unpaid certificate, by the prescribed method.
Claim interest and admissions
Demand contractual interest in every letter and ask the employer to confirm outstanding amounts in writing.
Refer disputed decisions
Take wrong certificates to the adjudicator or dispute board within the contractual window.
Protect your guarantees
Commence arbitration by notice and seek section 7A relief before any call on security is paid.
Exit by the contract
If default continues, follow the two-notice termination procedure and attend the joint measurement.
Watch limitation and insolvency
Calendar limitation independently and act early if a counterparty shows signs of insolvency.
Do not let a promise to "process the bill next month" run past a notice, referral, guarantee or limitation date.
Comparing the main recovery routes
On a phone, scroll the table sideways.
| Route | Best for | Key timing | Legal basis | Main risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Default notice and demand | Certified but unpaid sums | Payment due 28 days after certificate | e-PW3A clauses 65 and 66; FIDIC 14.7 and 14.8 | No interest if never demanded |
| Adjudicator or DAAB | Wrong certificates and valuations | 14 days to refer; 28-day decision under e-PW3A | e-PW3A clause 95; FIDIC Clause 21 | Missed referral window |
| Arbitration | Disputed time and money claims | Limitation runs from cause of action | Arbitration Act 2001, ss 27, 38 and 55 | Award still needs execution |
| Writ petition | Admitted bills owed by public bodies | Act promptly once admission is in writing | Constitution, article 102 | Not for disputed quantum |
| Civil or Commercial Court suit | Contracts without arbitration clauses | Two months' notice to Government under s 80 | CPC 1908; Commercial Courts Act 2026 | Three-month wait to execute against Government |
| Winding-up petition | Definite debts of a failing company | Three weeks after statutory demand | Companies Act 1994 | Dismissal if the debt is disputed |
The routes can run in parallel, provided each step is taken in the forum the contract or statute specifies. Our construction claims and project disputes practice acts for contractors, subcontractors and employers on each of them.
Critical mistakes in construction payment claims in Bangladesh
Treating the final account as the first claim
Under both the BPPA and FIDIC forms, claims not notified within 28 days are lost. A final account is a reconciliation, not a substitute for notices.[1] [5]
Forgetting to claim interest
The contractor in Akram Hossain recovered its principal after more than a decade but nothing for the delay, because no demand had asked for interest.[10]
Walking off site
A 28-day unauthorised stoppage is a contractor's fundamental breach under e-PW3A. Suspend only where the contract gives the right, and only after the required notice.[1] [3]
Terminating on one letter
The 84-day non-payment breach still needs a first notice, a 21-day window and a final notice. A short-cut termination hands the employer a counterclaim.[1]
Missing the joint measurement
If the contractor does not attend the post-termination joint measurement, the Project Manager's figures become binding on everyone.[1]
The most valuable work is done in the first weeks: dividing the money, serving notices still in time and preserving records. To have your contract and claim reviewed, contact TRW.
Frequently asked questions
How long does a government employer have to pay a certified bill in Bangladesh?
Under the October 2025 BPPA works conditions, the procuring entity must pay certified amounts within 28 days of the date of each certificate,, after deductions, with interest on late payment if the particular conditions state a rate.[1]
What happens if a contractor misses the 28-day claim notice?
Can a contractor stop work because it has not been paid?
When can a contractor terminate a public works contract for non-payment?
When a certified payment is unpaid 84 days after the certificate, following a first notice, a 21-day window and a final notice.[1]
Is notice required before suing the Government over unpaid bills?
Section 80 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides for two months' written notice; omitting it affects costs and timing rather than validity.[9]
Can a writ petition recover unpaid construction bills?
Where the bills are admitted, yes. In February 2026 the High Court Division ordered payment of admitted road bills within 60 days, but refused undemanded interest.[10]
Does the Limitation Act apply to construction arbitration?
When is retention money released on a BPPA contract?
After the defects liability period ends and the Defects Corrections Certificate issues. The standard rate is five per cent.[1]
Can an unpaid contractor wind up the employer or main contractor?
How can a contractor stop a performance guarantee being called?
Commence arbitration and apply promptly for an injunction under section 7A of the Arbitration Act 2001.[8]
Source register
Primary legal and regulatory sources
Materials checked on 21 October 2026. Confirm the current official text before relying on any provision.
- BPPA — Standard Tender Document for Works, e-PW3A (October 2025)
- Public Procurement (Amendment) Act 2026 (Act No. 41 of 2026) — BPPA
- Fenwick Elliott — Exercising the right to suspend under FIDIC (2023)
- Howard Kennedy — FIDIC: contractor protection for employer financial problems
- Diales — The claims process under FIDIC 2017 from a contractor's perspective
- Contract Act 1872 (sections 70 and 73) — Laws of Bangladesh
- Limitation Act 1908 — official text (Ministry of Land, Bhumipedia)
- Arbitration Act 2001 — English text hosted by BIAC
- Code of Civil Procedure 1908 of Bangladesh — WIPO Lex
- HCD, Md Akram Hossain v Government of Bangladesh, WP No. 9653 of 2024 (10 February 2026)
- HCD, Intertek Testing Services v Md Monowar Hossain, FMA No. 156 of 2014 (18 March 2025)
- HCD, M&H Telecom Ltd v Telex Ltd, Company Matter No. 54 of 2023 (23 October 2025)
- DFDL — Corporate insolvency regime in the ASEAN region: focus on Bangladesh
- The Financial Express, 30 July 2026 — ADP implementation falls to five-year low in FY26: IMED
Related TRW assistance
Move from information to a defined next step
TRW acts for contractors, EPC suppliers and subcontractors on payment certificates, claim notices, suspension and termination, claims against public employers, section 7A relief and recovery from insolvent counterparties. Explore our construction claims and project disputes practice or contact TRW to have your contract and unpaid claim reviewed.